Common viral and bacterial conjunctivitis (pink eye) very rarely causes permanent vision loss when treated appropriately. However, certain severe infections can threaten vision if left untreated. Gonococcal conjunctivitis, herpes simplex eye infection, and severe bacterial infections require prompt medical attention to prevent corneal damage. Neonatal conjunctivitis in newborns is particularly concerning and requires immediate treatment. Most pink eye cases resolve completely within one to two weeks with proper care. The key is seeking evaluation for infections that don’t improve within a few days or cause significant pain, light sensitivity, or vision changes.

Distinguishing viral from bacterial conjunctivitis helps determine appropriate treatment. Viral infections typically affect both eyes, produce watery discharge, and often accompany cold symptoms like a runny nose or sore throat. Bacterial infections more commonly affect one eye initially, produce thick yellow or green discharge, and cause eyelids to stick together upon waking. However, overlap exists between symptoms. A comprehensive eye examination allows our optometrists to evaluate your specific presentation, examine your eyes with magnification, and determine whether antibiotics would benefit your infection or if supportive care is the better approach.

Viral pink eye remains contagious for up to two weeks from symptom onset, though the most contagious period is during the first few days when discharge is heaviest. Bacterial conjunctivitis typically becomes non-contagious 24-48 hours after starting antibiotic treatment. Without treatment, bacterial infections may remain contagious for several weeks. Allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious at all since it results from immune reactions rather than infections. Practice good hygiene by washing hands frequently, avoiding touching your eyes, not sharing towels or cosmetics, and staying home from work or school during the most contagious period.

Seek prompt evaluation for eye infections if you experience moderate to severe pain, sensitivity to light, significant vision changes, symptoms that worsen despite home treatment, or symptoms persisting beyond a week. Contact lens wearers should see an eye doctor immediately for any infection symptoms, as they face higher risks of serious complications like corneal ulcers. Newborns and young children with eye infections need same-day evaluation. If you have a weakened immune system due to diabetes, HIV, or immunosuppressive medications, don’t delay seeking care for eye infections.

No, you should not wear contact lenses during an active eye infection. Contacts can trap bacteria or viruses against your cornea, worsening the infection and potentially causing serious complications, including corneal ulcers. Discard any contact lenses, lens cases, and solutions you used before or during the infection to prevent reinfection. Wait until your eye doctor confirms the infection has fully resolved before resuming lens wear. Start with fresh lenses and a new lens case. Following these precautions protects your corneal health and reduces the risk of recurrent infections or permanent vision damage.